| Potential disease-preventive mechanisms | Key active components |
| Antioxidant activity (ROS and RNS) | Flavonoids, Ascorbic acid, Pronthocyanidins |
| Blood pressure reduction | Flavonoids |
| Modifications of plasma lipids and lipoprotein levels | Fibres (Pectin), Polyphenols |
| Modulation of endothelial cells | Flavonoids |
| Anti-inflammatory properties | Flavonoids, Proanthocyanidins |